Offshore LNG terminals in Europe.
Part 1. Greece. Republic of Bulgaria. Romania.

07/03/2025

Offshore LNG terminals in Europe. Part 1. Greece.. Republic of Bulgaria. Romania.

Today, liquefied natural gas plays a key role in the global energy transformation, used in power, industry, fertilizer, hydrogen and synthetic materials, In the home and transport sector, being the only practical and realistic alternative to conventional fuel, but requiring a balance between environmental goals and economic feasibility.
Geopolitical risks (conflicts in Europe and the Middle East) and logistical challenges make 2025 a challenging year for the LNG transport sector.
Demand for LNG will be determined by weather conditions, price dynamics, state policies and competition with alternative energy sources.
The common concept of a vertical gas corridor, supported by the EU and the US, is an opportunity to provide diverse and sustainable natural gas supplies to Eastern, South-Eastern and Central Europe.
The Vision reflects a common Western strategy to create a flexible, crisis-resilient gas infrastructure capable of adapting to the challenges and long-term goals of "green" energy.
Diversification of LNG sources, integration of LNG terminals in the Black and Mediterranean Seas with gas transport networks in Central and Eastern Europe, creation of interconnections between countries for bilateral deliveries, modernization of gas pipelines - all this allows countries in the SouthEastern Europe to replace gas from Russia with supplies from the US, Azerbaijan, Algeria and other countries.
Mutually beneficial cooperation between neighbouring countries strengthens their position, but depends on political will and funding.
Planned new capacity is being developed with active EU support under the REPowerEU strategy.
These efforts reflect the position of South-East Europe as a future transit hub for alternative liquefied gas supplies.
Natural gas will be an indispensable fuel in the coming decades, and the prospects for LNG use look very promising.

The first part of the review analyzes the role of LNG in the global energy infrastructure, the scope of use and classification of LNG terminal categories, selectively considering the capacities of South-Eastern European countries such as Greece, Bulgaria and Romania.